Weighing Expectations and Realities in the Use of Proton Pump Inhibitors as a Management of Gastritis: A Literature Review and Clinical Perspective

Abstract

Abstract

Introduction: Gastritis is common gastrointestinal disorder characterized by inflammation of the gastric mucosa caused by various factors, including excessive gastric acid secretion. Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used in the management of gastritis due to their effective mechanism in suppressing gastric acid production.

Objective: To comprehensively review the role of PPIs in the management of gastritis, including their history, definition, mechanism of action, classification, effectiveness as monotherapy or in combination, as well as potential adverse effects and their prevention.

Method: This study employed a literature review method with a descriptive qualitative approach. Articles were retrieved from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar using the keywords "proton pump inhibitor," "PPI," "gastritis", "acid suppression therapy," and "mucosal healing." Inclusion criteria were full-text articles in Indonesian or English that published within the last 5-10 years.

Results: PPIs have been shown to effectively and irreversibly suppress gastric acid secretion by inhibiting the H⁺/K⁺-ATPase pump. As monotherapy, PPIs enhance mucosal healing and alleviate symptoms. In combination with other agents such as prokinetics, alginates, or H2RAs, PPIs provide better symptom control, particularly in refractory cases. However, long-term use may be associated with adverse effects.

Conclusion: PPIs are an effective therapeutic option in the management of gastritis, both as monotherapy and in combination therapy. However, monitoring and prudent use are still necessary to reduce the risk of long-term side effects.